General Background The musculoskeletal system (skeletal-musculoskeletal-joints-tendons) may also be affected by skin diseases, when skin lesions cause pain, inflammation, or damage to supporting areas such as hooves, joints, or connective tissues. Main examples of skin disorders: 1. Foot rot Cause: Bacteria Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Course of the disease: The bacteria damage the skin between the toes; inflammation, bad odor, soft tissue and severe p

Disorders of the locomotor system in goats and sheep (small ruminants) can result from a variety of causes—neurological, muscular, skeletal, or nutritional. Here is a neat and clear overview: Movement system disorders in goats and sheep 1. Neurological diseases (nerves and brain) Impair coordination and movement ability: Listeriosis Caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Causes head tilt, walking in circles, imbalance, paralysis of one side of the face. Source: Spoiled feed (main

The mammary gland (udder) of the female in sheep, goats and cattle is susceptible to various diseases, mainly infections, which can affect milk production and the health of the animal. The following is an overview of the main diseases and disorders of the female mammary gland: 1. Mastitis The most common and important disease. Causes: Bacteria (mainly Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, E. coli), sometimes also fungi. Main forms: Acute mastitis: The udder is swol

1. Diseases and Disorders During Pregnancy A. Pregnancy Toxemia Cause: Lack of energy in the last weeks of pregnancy, especially in females with twins/triplets. Signs: Weakness, lack of appetite, excessive lying down, tremors, and sometimes standing. Prevention: High-energy diet in the last trimester of pregnancy, especially with added grains. Treatment: Administration of glucose or propylene glycol, sugar infusion, and sometimes induction of labor. B. Hypocalcemia (Milk Feve

1. Uterine inflammation (Metritis / Endometritis / Pyometra)  Cause: Bacteria (E. coli, Brucella, Trueperella), difficult births, placenta retained in the tissues. Symptoms: Inactivity, fever, vaginal discharge, repeated delay in pregnancy. Treatment/Prevention: Antibiotics, supportive care, maintaining hygiene during childbirth and preventing difficult births. 2. Oophoritis / Cystic Ovaries Cause: Hormonal imbalance, stress, poor nutrition. Symptoms: Infertility, changes in

We will separate reproductive diseases and disorders from non-reproductive disorders in males in sheep and goats. You asked for emphasis...

Disorders and diseases of the penis and foreskin in goats and sheep 1. Urinary tract stones (urolithiasis) One of the most common...

Common diseases and disorders of the scrotum and its contents (testicles, epididymis, spermatic cord) in male sheep and goats: Diseases...

Urinary tract disorders in goats and sheep are not uncommon veterinary problems, especially in males (especially castrated males), due to...

During the industrial raising of poultry, they are sometimes given different medications. These medications are given in calculated and...